Section 2.2 – An Introduction
to Logic
Conditional statements are statements that are in “if-then”
form. For example, if I live in
The conditional is always a TRUE statement.
Notation: If
p then q
or
p à q (Read as “p implies q”)
if – hypothesis
then – conclusion
Ex] if I live in
Euler diagram
Deductive Reasoning or Deduction is the process of drawing logically certain conclusions by using an argument.
Converse – a conditional statement in which the hypothesis and the conclusion are interchanged.
If q then p
or
q à
p
Ex] if I live in
Counterexample – a statement that proves a statement is false.
Logical Chain – when 3 or more conditional statements are linked together.
Transitive Property
If A then B, and if B then C
Then if A then C